Shemot · שְׁמוֹת · Exodus

Plague Five — The Livestock of Egypt

דֶּבֶר כָּבֵד מְאֹד
Exodus 9:1–7
Exodus 9:3
הִנֵּה יַד-יְהוָה הוֹיָה בְּמִקְנְךָ אֲשֶׁר בַּשָּׂדֶה בַּסּוּסִים בַּחֲמֹרִים בַּגְּמַלִּים בַּבָּקָר וּבַצֹּאן דֶּבֶר כָּבֵד מְאֹד
"Behold, the hand of the LORD is upon thy cattle which is in the field, upon the horses, upon the asses, upon the camels, upon the oxen, and upon the sheep: there shall be a very grievous murrain."
Plague Five — The Livestock of Egypt — Exodus 9:1–7

In the Hebrew

God sets a time: tomorrow. Tomorrow the livestock of Egypt will be struck — horses, donkeys, camels, cattle, flocks. A very severe pestilence. But the livestock of Israel? Not one will die.

The next day it happens exactly as promised. All the livestock of Egypt die. Pharaoh sends messengers to investigate whether Israel's animals are affected. They report back: not one. The evidence is absolute. The line between Egypt and Israel is now drawn in the bodies of their animals.

Pharaoh's heart is heavy. He does not let the people go.

Key Hebrew Word
דֶּבֶר
dever — pestilence. A deadly epidemic, here aimed specifically at livestock. The fifth plague targets Egypt's agricultural and military wealth — horses for war, camels for trade, oxen for fields, flocks for food. Egypt's economic foundation is struck at once.
Key Hebrew Word
יַד-יְהוָה
yad-Adonai — the hand of God. The phrase shifts in this plague: no staff, no stretching of a hand by Moses or Aaron. God acts directly — "the hand of the LORD." The plagues are escalating in directness. What was mediated by a rod is now executed by divine hand.
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