Shemot · שְׁמוֹת · Exodus

The Exodus — Israel Leaves Egypt

כִּי גֵרְשׁוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם
Exodus 12:29–42
Exodus 12:37
וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נָסְעוּ מֵרַעְמְסֵס סֻכֹּתָה כְּשֵׁשׁ-מֵאוֹת אֶלֶף רַגְלִי הַגְּבָרִים לְבַד מִטַּף
"And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children."
The Exodus — Israel Leaves Egypt — Exodus 12:29–42

In the Hebrew

The children of Israel journey from Rameses to Succoth — about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides children. And a mixed multitude also went up with them: flocks and herds, very much livestock.

They baked the dough they had taken out of Egypt as unleavened cakes — because it had not leavened, since they had been driven out of Egypt and could not wait, and they had not prepared any provision for themselves.

The sojourning of the children of Israel in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years. At the end of four hundred and thirty years, on that very day, all the hosts of God went out from the land of Egypt.

It is a night of watching to God for bringing them out of the land of Egypt. This night is a night of watching to God for all the children of Israel throughout their generations.

The departure is not described as triumphant celebration — it is described as an exodus driven by urgency, carrying bread that didn't have time to rise, walking out under the night sky, toward a wilderness they had never entered. Freedom and uncertainty in the same step.

Key Hebrew Word
עֵרֶב רַב
erev rav — mixed multitude. A large mixed multitude also went up with them. The Exodus was not the departure of a single ethnic group — it was the departure of everyone who had aligned themselves with Israel and with the God of Israel. Egypt's slaves, perhaps some Egyptians, and others who had seen the plagues and chose to leave with the Hebrews.
Key Hebrew Word
מַצּוֹת
matzot — unleavened bread. They baked the dough they carried out of Egypt — it had not leavened because they were driven out and could not wait. The unleavened bread is not simply a ritual symbol imposed later; it is the bread of urgency, the bread of people who did not have time to let it rise. Every Passover's matzah remembers this exact moment.
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