United Monarchy · Tribe of Yehudah

Who Was Solomon? — The wisdom-king; builder of the First Temple; son of David and Bathsheva

שְׁלֹמֹה
"Peaceful / his peace (root: shalom)"
Solomon — The wisdom-king; builder of the First Temple; son of David and Bathsheva
Quick Facts
Hebrew Name
שְׁלֹמֹה (Shlomo)
Meaning
Peaceful / his peace (root: shalom)
Tribe
Yehudah
Era
United Monarchy
Approx. Dates
c. 970–931 BCE (traditional)
Father
Mother
Spouses
Bat-Paroh (Pharaoh’s daughter), and many others (1 Kings 11:3)
Children
Rechavam, and others
Genealogy Line
Direct ancestor of Yeshua (Matthew 1:6–7)

The Story of Solomon

Shlomo — Solomon, “his peace,” from the root shalom — was the son of David and Bathsheva, born after the loss of their first child (2 Samuel 12:24). When David was old, his son Adoniyahu attempted to seize the throne; Bathsheva and the prophet Natan intervened, and David had Shlomo anointed king in his place by Tzadok the priest and Natan the prophet (1 Kings 1).

Early in his reign, Yah appeared to Shlomo and offered him anything he asked. Shlomo asked for wisdom to govern the people rather than wealth, long life, or victory over his enemies — and Yah granted him all three besides (1 Kings 3). That wisdom became proverbial: he heard the case of two women disputing a child (1 Kings 3:16–28), and the Queen of Sheba traveled to test him with hard questions (1 Kings 10). Tradition attributes Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Songs to him.

Shlomo’s greatest project was the First Temple in Yerushalayim (1 Kings 5–8; 2 Chronicles 2–7), the fixed house for the Ark that David himself had been told he would not build. Yet 1 Kings 11 records his decline: his many foreign wives “turned his heart” toward other gods in his old age, and the kingdom split in two under his son Rechavam soon after his death.

Shlomo’s place in Yeshua’s genealogy carries its own quiet complexity. Matthew 1:6–7 traces the royal line through Shlomo, the reigning king’s son — but Luke 3:31 traces it instead through Natan, another son of David and Bathsheva. Scholars have long discussed this divergence; this dataset notes it without resolving it. Either way, the line that runs through David’s house — whether by Shlomo’s branch or Natan’s — converges again, generations later, on Yeshua.

Family

Spouses
Bat-Paroh (Pharaoh’s daughter)and many others — 1 Kings 11:3
Children
Rechavamand others

Scripture References

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